Virunga National Park
Viruuga National Park
| Inception | 1925  |
|---|---|
| Native label | Parc national des Virunga |
| IUCN protected areas category | IUCN category II: National Park |
| Country | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| Located in the administrative territorial entity | North Kivu, Orientale Province |
| Location | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| Coordinate location | 0°30′0″S 29°30′0″E |
| Authority | Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature |
| Creator | Albert I of Belgium |
| Significant event | list of World Heritage in Danger |
| Significant place | Goma |
| Heritage designation | World Heritage Site, Ramsar site |
| Official website | https://virunga.org |
| World Heritage criteria | (vii), (viii), (x) |
Viruuga National Park de la zi'an kanyima n boi 'Albertine Rift' tinkeŋa puan, bɔna la 'Democratic Republic of Congo' tiŋa puan. Ba yuum maalɛ ka la 1925 yuunɛ la puan. Ba yuum maalɛ ka mɛ ti ka zaarɛ dɛna la 680m ze'ele saazuo bɔba kulega la n de 5,109(16,762ft) Rwenzori zoorɛ la zuo.
Fu san ze'ele saazuo sigɛ tiŋa na, ka yaleŋa wan ze'ele la 300km(190mi) paara Uganda la Rwanda. Ka yuum kɔ'ɔm pi tiŋa la la 8,090km. Zɔa ayi n yuum boi zi'an la puan ti si yura dɛna Nyiragongo zoore la Nyamuragira zoore.
Ba nyaa maalɛ folego wa me ŋwana suŋa suŋa ti goo dusi bɔna bini. Dusi la buuri buuri zo'e mɛ n gana kɔbesita(300) n boi bini hali la ŋmaa katisi ŋmaa mɔla za'an (Cercopithecus kandti). [5]
1970 yuunɛ la puan ti UNESCO yuum dikɛ zi'an wa pa'asɛ 'world heritage sites' la puan doose la lɔgesi'a n boi bini la zuo.[6] Ba yuum dikɛ zi'an wa pa'asɛ 'World Heritage Site in Danger' la 1994 yuunɛ la puan yɛsera la zɛba la nɛreba n nyaa zo'e tiŋa la puan la zuo..
Nɛresɛba n ka wuni ka'ama la sɛba n eeri fɔla puusin la basɛ mɛ ti kum paara ba.
==LA N PƆSƐ SE'EM==
1920s la pɔsega ti nɛreba zo’e zo’e dɔla la, ‘European conservation movement championed’ la puan yuum tari puti’irɛ wa’am na ti ba maalɛ zi’an gu’ura bii bisera n boi ‘northeastern Belgian Congo’, Nɛreba la yuum dela Victor van Straelen, Jean Massart and Jean-Marie Derscheid. Albert National Park n yuum ta pɔsɛ April 1925 dɛna Congo's wia daana ‘national park’ la, Ba yuum bisɛ ti ka de la ‘science-oriented nature reserve’ zi’an deti ba maalɛ ka ti ba zamesera dee gu’ura goo dusi ‘preserving wildlife’ dee lagum po dɛna "primitive" ‘hunter-gatherer African Pygmies’. 1926 yuunɛ la ouan, Derscheid n yuum de nɛŋa daana bo ‘Belgian mission to cartograph Albert National Park’, zi’an wa yaleŋa yuum zumi mɛ la 500 km2 (190 sq mi) bɔna lem ‘extinct volcanoes Mount Karisimbi and Mount Mikeno’. Zi’an la ti ba yuum gu’ura la yuum nyaa yalegɛ mɛ n boi 1929 puan, dɔla la ‘Virunga National Park’ la n lagum la ‘Virunga Mountains, parts of the Rutshuru Territory, and the plains south of Lake Edward’. Zi’an wa yuum pɔsɛ yuna la 2,920.98 km2 (1,127.80 sq mi) dee yuum nyaa ta kãregɛ pa’asɛ yuunsɛba n doli poore la puan.[14][15][16][17] Tiŋa la duma yuum nyaa koŋɛ yɔ’ɔ mɛ ti ba sɔna ba tiŋa la dɔla la maalegɔ sore la puan, deti ba yuum nyaa sa’ɛ ba ti ba kiŋɛ de gee zi’an la ti ba maalɛ gu’ura ba lɔgerɔ.[16][18] 1930s la 1955 tiŋasuka, an estimated 85,000 Rwandophone nɛreba ti ba yuum tareba kiŋɛ zi’’an kayima n lem la Masisi n boi North Kivu.[19]
1934 yuunɛ la puan ti ‘Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge’ yuum pɔsɛ dɛna ‘governing body for national parks’ n boi Belgian Congo. [14] 1930s yuunɛ la 1961 yuunɛ la tiŋasuka ti, ‘several expeditions to Albert National Park were carried out by Belgian scientists’, ti ba nɛŋa daana buyi puan yuum dela la Gaston-François de Witte bɔna ba nɛŋa. Ba yuum zamesɛ la goo dusi buuri buuri la i buura n boi ‘Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique’; [20][21] ‘explored the ethnic groups in this area’;[22] Zamesɛ volcanic activity,[23] la fossils.[24]
1950s yuunɛ la pooren, Tutsi nɛreba la ba nii n yuum kɛ̃ park la puan, ta sã’am ‘natural habitat up to an altitude of 3,000 m (9,800 ft)’, ŋwana n yuum basɛ ti zi’an la bɔna dɛŋa puan bii yuum dɛna daaŋɔ bɔ’ɔra park's gorillas duma la. [25]
Ba yuum biŋɛ la tiŋa wara n boi 1960s yuunɛ la puan dɔla la after Belgian Congo duma n yuum zɛbɛ to’e ba miŋɛnyaa dɛna ‘independent as the Republic of the Congo’ la, deti tiŋa la yuum nyaa biŋɛ nuurɛ yeti ba sɔna ba tiŋa la ba lɔgerɔ, Zo’e zo’e yuum ka suŋɛ tiŋa la nɛreba. Nɛreba yuum nyaa nyɛ la yɔ’ɔ zo’e zo’e li’isa kina kuura goo dusi la deti ba ka nyɛta ba.[18] 1969 yuunɛ la puan, ti ba yuum nyaa dikɛ ‘parks’ duma bayi la lagum taaba wi’ira ba ti ‘Virunga National Park’, deti ba yuum nyaa dikɛ ba pa’asɛ ‘UNESCO World Heritage Site’ la puan n boi 1979 yuunɛ la.[2]
1996 yuunɛ la puan, ti ba yuum dikɛ ‘national park’ la ti ka dɛna ‘Ramsar site of international importance’. [2]
2011 yuunɛ la puan, ti ‘British company’ la ti ba wi’ira ti ‘Soco International’ la yuum nyaa nyɛ yɔ’ɔ ti ba maala ba miŋa ba kaam n boi ba kɔru kɔrum la la tiŋa la puan za’an waabi ta pa’asɛ ‘national park’ la puan. Gɔmena tuntuneba n yuum suŋɛ kaam la maalegɔ yɛla la ‘Soco International mission’ nɛreba, deti park duma yuum ka sakɛ. Zɛberɛ la n yuum ta karegera la, ti park's Naba warden, Emmanuel de Mérode, yuum ta nyɛ dɛŋa zɛberɛ la puan n boi April 2014 yuunɛ la puan.[26] Dola la tiŋa la za’an waabi zɛberɛ la, ‘company’ la yuum ka le maala bii ba yuum basɛ maalegɔ tuuma mɛ dee nyaa bisera ba wan eŋɛ la ŋwani ti yele ana wa taaba ka le paaba tiŋa la puan n boi ‘vicinity of World Heritage sites’.[27][28][29][30]
2016 yuunɛ la puan, mɔgekara anaasi n tari bugum tuna ti ba yuum tu ti bu bɔ’ɔra n sɔ n iŋa tuuma duma la bugum de kelum bɔ’ɔra nɛreba liiba bii suŋerɛ n gani nɛreba 200,000 tiŋa la puan. [31]