Rabinal Achí
Rabinal Achí de la de’eŋo ti ba gulesɛ e Kʼicheʼ tɔgum puan[1] dee tib a dɛ’ɛna e yuunɛ woo bɔna Rabinal, Baja Verapaz, Guatemala tinsi puan. De’eŋo wa yumiŋerɛ de la Xajoj Tun, ti a vuurɛ dɛna “Tun wa’a” lɔgerɔ de me kelum dɛna dɔɔrɔ gulo.[2][3] De’emkana n lagum pa’asɛ de’eno fii puan tib a kelum dɛ’ɛna ba yese ba miŋa yamanɛ puan na la. Ba de’eni de’eŋo wa la Ko’oro ŋmarega la puan a dabesa pisiyi la anuu daarɛ woo dee ti Rabinal tiŋa nɛreba za’a ni kɔ’ɔm lagum dɛ’ɛna. b ani lagum wa’ara, yuuna dee ŋmɛ’ɛra la ni kɔ’ɔm basɛ ti a naara la taaba. De’emkana wa kɔ’ɔm lagum pa’asɛ Rabinal yaabeduma tuulesum yɛla puan mɛ, dee kelum kɔ’ɔm dɛna ba buuri malema zina beere wa. Rabinal Achí yeletuulesum wa nyu’ɔ kɔ’ɔm bɔna la Rabinal la K’iche tinsi tuulesum tiŋa suka.[4] Buuri malema lɔgesi’a la dɔɔ nɛnpi’ilega la n basɛ ti fu baŋa nɛra la yima yima ba boi bini dɛ’ɛna yuuma wa’a de’eŋo puan.[5]
| Inception | 1850  |
|---|---|
| Country | Guatemala |
| Form of creative work | play |
| Genre | drama fiction |
| Author | unknown value |
| Country of origin | Guatemala |
| Language of work or name | K’iche’ |
| Publication date | 19. century |
| Intangible cultural heritage status | Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity |
| Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00144, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/00144, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/00144 |
De kuko (Origins)
demeseRabinal Achi de la Maya yumm wa’am de’eŋo tib a pɔsɛ e ze’ele 15th yuuma (century) saŋa la sa, b ani yɛ la ba buuri malema lɔgerɔ de dikɛ dɔɔrɔ nɛnvulega vuge ba nisi ti ba tu buuri yeletuulesum de pa’alɛ yeletosɛba n paɛ tiŋa la puan kurum de kelum sɔsa pa’ala gɔmena nalɛgerba bana n ka boti sɛla de bɔta sɛla ba tiŋa la puan, ba me ni ita bala dɔla la wa’a puan, sɔsega puan la yuuma puan. De’eŋo lɔgesɛka ti ba ni tara ŋmɛ’ɛra de la dɔɔrɔ gulego la dɔpeebeto (trumpets) bayi bii ‘shawms’. Kɔ’ɔ doose a tuulesu la puan, ba maalɛ de’eŋo lɔgerɔ zo’e zo’e mɛ ti ba tara tuuma magesi wuu, ‘gourds’ ti ba tara ŋmɛ’ɛra,[4] Rabinal la Achi la pugum bɔna la 1600s yuuma la puan sa, dee buuri malema puan ba ni dɛ’ɛna e la ko’oro ŋmarega la puan a dabesa pisiyi la anuu daarɛ, ba de’eni tɛra la Paul suŋa dabeserɛ,[6] iŋa n de nɛresuŋɔ sɛka n guri abinal tiŋa la.[5]
Ba Pɔsɛ gulesɛ sɛla (Early recording)
demeseBa ti’ise ti Rabinal Achi pɔsɛ la 16th yuuma (century) saŋa la puan sa, ba yuum kɔ’ɔm ka gulesɛ e biŋɛ de pooren wa tib a yuum nyaa gulesɛ e biŋe.a kuko la tuulesum la gulesa ka tari yu’urɛ,[7] dee Charles-Étienne Brasseur de Bourbourg n de French tiŋa budaa n de Winpu’usa, n yuum lerege a tuulesum la miŋa paa iŋɛ French tiŋa tɔgum puan, a me yuum lerege de ze’ele la Achi tɔgum puan tuulesum ti Cofrade Bartolo Sis yuum dikɛ bo e 1856 yuunɛla puan, dee a daa ka dikɛ gulesegɔ wa biŋe peelum ta paɛ yuum pia puan. Bartolo Sis yuum pugum gulesɛ de’eŋo wa yɛla paɛ yuuma a yoobi mɛ. Gɔnɔ basɛba yuum pugum bɔi mɛ ‘pre Columbian era’, de bad aa ka zɛbɛ to’e tiŋa la dee ti Spanish tiŋa duma buuri malum paala la yuum nyaa lagum bɔna, dee gulesegɔ duma wa yuum kelum bɔna mɛ.
Ba de’eni (Performance)
demeseBa ni dikɛ Yeletuulesum wa doose la yuuma la wa’asi puan yɛta dɛ’ɛna pa’ala tɔ. de’emdɛ’ɛneba w ani ze’ele bo la yizuto la tinpigesi la, dee ti tuulesum tɔgum la me ni kɔ’ɔm pi yɛla zo’e zo’e doose ‘Maya nobility’ la ‘diplomacy’, zeberɛ sia n boi tinsi la puan, la yelesi’a za’a n tabelɛ iŋɛ Rabinal la K’iche tiŋa nɛreba tiŋasuka.[8]
plot
demeseyelesi’a n iŋɛ Rabinal Achi kɔ’ɔm dɛna yelemiŋerɛ de la zɛberɛ n yuum sige Rabinaleb tiŋa duma la K’iche tiŋa duma tiŋasuka. De’eŋo la miŋa basɛ tit u baŋɛ suŋa tii, tinsi sinaasi ti K’iche tiŋa naba bia yuum sa’am basɛ de me yuum nyaa bɔta ti a nyɔgɛ Rabianaleb tiŋa kɔma. E me yuum de yele kankaŋi la, tib a yuum nyɔkɛ K’iche, sankana ti Rabinaleb duma yuum nyaa tiisɛ K’iche pɛregerɛ yele, suŋa la be’em za’a.[4] K’iche duma walesɛ koŋɛ dee ku nuurɛ ti ba ku naba bia la. A ti’isɛ la n iŋɛ sɛla a miŋa tiŋa puan la, de daa dikɛ a miŋa tisɛ ti ba ku e, tari yelemiŋerɛ la pupeelum lem Rabinal tiŋa puan.[8]
De’emdɛ’ɛneba (Characters)
demese• Rabinal Achí, Rabinal naba dayua
• The Kʼiche Achí, Kʼicheʼ naba dayua.
• Rabinalebʼ tiŋa naba
• JobʼToj
• Achij Mun (a tuntuna)
• Ixoq Mun, mina n tari pɔgesum la buaanɛ
• The Green-Feathered Mother
• Uchuch Qʼuqʼ
• Uchuch Raxon
• Eagles la jaguars pian la batã, warriors of the fortress of Kajyubʼ, n de tinkãtɛ bɔna Rabinal tiŋa paun.
Dee ti nɛreba la zo’e la, de’emdɛ’ɛneba banuu ma’a n ni tɔgera.[4] de’eŋo wa sinɛ ni sina kaara mɛ kilega leni, ti la ze’ele bo tu vom n sini se’em la kunsebo taaba ti K’iche naba bia la ki la yɛsera de’eŋo la puan. Wa’areba la ni wa’ara vileŋera kaara mɛ dee ti naduma bayi la dayuusi la ka taaba wa’areba la tiŋasuka.[4] Ba ni malum tulesa sɔsega wa la ŋwana ti ba tu pa’alɛ yele la suŋa.[9] Ba ni dikɛ la gulo ŋmɛ wi de’emdɛ’ɛneba la tib a yesum de’eŋo zi’an la na. tiŋa la nɛresɛba tib a ni zamesɛ ba la n ni ŋmɛ’ɛra gulego wa, ba me ni dɛna la bunbilepaasi.
Rabinal la nananewa la kuremesa buuri malema (Tradition and present day Rabinal Achi)
demeseBa kelum dɛ’ɛna Rabinal Achí zina beere wa ko’oro ŋmarega la puan a dabesa pisiyi la anuu daarɛ yuunɛ woo puan, bɔna Rabinal tiŋa puan.[10] cofradías, suurɔ tigere, mina ti Bartolo Sis yuum lagum bɔna bini la, n sɔi de’eŋo wa zuo bisera. Ŋwana wa de la folese’ere ti kelum dɔla sɔsera la ba yaabeduma dee kelum dɛ’ɛna.[10] Zina beere Rabinal naduma dayuusi, Rabinal naba deyua la n kelum dɛ’ɛna buyila yuunɛ puan ba san ni ta dita Paul suŋa kibesi. 1955 yuunɛ la puan ti ‘Dirección General de Bellas Artes’ duma yuum de’em Rabinal Achi. De’emdɛ’ɛneba wa kan ga’arɛ la pɔka bii budaa dabesa pitã dee ti de’eŋo wa baŋɛ paɛ la de’eŋo la san ba’asɛ. Ba me ni kelum dikɛ a dabesa pisiyi kumesɛ ba sia puan la wan iŋɛ se’em tib a ta’am zusɛ sore Mayan bagerɛ la zi’an, ti a suŋɛ ba ti ba ta’am de’em suŋa.[4] De maalekana puan, b ani dikɛ la nɛra ayila ayila ti a ze’ele bo ‘jaguars la eagles duma la de tee basɛ nɛrepia la batã la.[4] 2005 yuunɛ puan, ti UNESCO duma yuum lagum dikɛ Rabinal pa’asɛ Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ
demese- ↑ van Akkeren, Ruud (1999-07). "SACRIFICE AT THE MAIZE TREE". Ancient Mesoamerica 10 (2): 281–295. DOI:10.1017/s0956536199102104. ISSN 0956-5361.
- ↑ van Akkeren, Ruud (2000). Place of the Lord's Daughter: Rabinal, its history, its dance-drama. Leiden University: Research School of Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies. p. 320. ISBN 9057890453
- ↑ https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=8H1FozHfnZkC&pg=PA200&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Leinaweaver, Richard. "Rabinal Achi: Commentary". Latin American Theatre Review.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Maya dance drama, the Rabinal Achí - Revue Magazine". Revue Magazine. 2016-12-09. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
- ↑ El "Rabinal Achi"". Espiritualidad Maya de Guatemala.
- ↑ Leinawaver, Richard. "Rabinal Achi: Commentary". Latin American Theatre Review.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 https://mundochapin.com/2012/01/la-danza-rabinal-achi-la-guerra-entre-los-kiche-y-rabinaleb/3330/amp/
- ↑ Carson, Margaret (2008). Stages of conflict: a critical anthology of Latin American theater and performance. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 https://www.unesco.org/culture/intangible-heritage/15lac_uk.htm
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Further reading[edit source]
demese- (subscription required)
Kɛnɛma jɛgɛnw
demese- UNESCO, Web Site
- Download the Rabinal Achí, from Guatemala, Cradle of the Maya Civilization
- Guatemala Culture Ministry in Spanish
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Categories:
- Mayan literature
- Theatre in Guatemala
- Guatemalan culture
- Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity